The C++ programming language
Object oriented programming: an evolutionary approach
Object oriented programming: an evolutionary approach
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Object-oriented programming for the Macintosh
Object-oriented programming for the Macintosh
Dimensions of object-based language design
OOPSLA '87 Conference proceedings on Object-oriented programming systems, languages and applications
Object-oriented programming in Smalltalk and ADA
OOPSLA '87 Conference proceedings on Object-oriented programming systems, languages and applications
CHI '85 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
DON: user interface presentation design assistant
UIST '90 Proceedings of the 3rd annual ACM SIGGRAPH symposium on User interface software and technology
Future directions in user-computer interface software
COCS '91 Proceedings of the conference on Organizational computing systems
TAE Plus: Transportable Applications Environment Plus: a user interface development environment
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
Providing high-level control and expert assistance in the user interface presentation design
CHI '93 Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The Ignatius Environment: Supporting the Design and Development of Expert-System User Interfaces
IEEE Expert: Intelligent Systems and Their Applications
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This paper describes the evolution of the Transportable Applications Executive (TAE) (developed at NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center) from a traditional procedural menu and command-oriented system to an object-oriented, modeless user interface management system, known as TAE Plus. The impetus for developing this environment and early experiments which led to its current implementation are addressed. The current version of TAE Plus provides design and prototyping functions, working in tandem with a mature application management system. The main components are (1) a user interface designers' WorkBench that allows an application developer to interactively layout an application screen and define the static and/or dynamic areas of the screen; (2) an application programmer subroutine package that provides runtime services used to display and control WorkBench-designed “interaction objects” on the screen; and (3) an extension to the existing TAE command language that provides commands for displaying and manipulating interaction objects, thus providing a means to quickly prototype an application's user interface. During TAE Plus development, many design and implementation decisions were based on the state-of-the-art within graphics workstations, windowing systems and object-oriented programming languages, and this paper shares some of the problems and issues experienced during implementation. Some of the topics discussed include: lessons learned in using the Smalltalk™ language to prototype the initial WorkBench; why C++ was selected (over other languages) to build the WorkBench; and experiences in using X Window System™ and Stanford's InterViews object library. The paper concludes with open issues and a description of the next steps involved in implementing the “totally modern” TAE.