Program Schemes, Arrays, Lindström Quantifiers and Zero-One Laws

  • Authors:
  • Iain A. Stewart

  • Affiliations:
  • -

  • Venue:
  • CSL '99 Proceedings of the 13th International Workshop and 8th Annual Conference of the EACSL on Computer Science Logic
  • Year:
  • 1999

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Abstract

We characterize the class of problems accepted by a class of program schemes with arrays, NPSA, as the class of problems defined by the sentences of a logic formed by extending first-order logic with a particular uniform sequence of Lindström quantifiers. We prove that our logic, and consequently our class of program schemes, has a zero-one law. However, we show that there are problems definable in a basic fragment of our logic, and so also accepted by basic program schemes, which are not definable in bounded-variable infinitary logic. Hence, the class of problems NPSA is not contained in the class of problems defined by the sentences of partial fixed-point logic even though in the presence of a built-in successor relation, both NPSA and partial fixed-point logic capture the complexity class PSPACE.