An architecture for wide-area multicast routing
SIGCOMM '94 Proceedings of the conference on Communications architectures, protocols and applications
The MASC/BGMP architecture for inter-domain multicast routing
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM '98 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
The Ordered Core Based Tree Protocol
INFOCOM '97 Proceedings of the INFOCOM '97. Sixteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies. Driving the Information Revolution
Core selection methods for multicast routing
ICCCN '95 Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks
A new approach to scalable and fault-tolerant group key management protocols
Journal of High Speed Networks
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Core-based multicast trees use less router state, but have significant drawbacks when compared to shortest-path trees, namely higher delay and poor fault tolerance. We evaluate the feasibility of using multiple independent cores within a shared multicast tree. We consider several basic designs and discuss how using multiple cores improves fault tolerance without sacrificing router state. We examine the performance of multiple-core trees with respect to single-core trees and find that adding cores significantly lowers delay without increasing cost. Moreover, it takes only a small number of cores, placed with a k-center approximation, for a multiple-core tree to have lower delay than a single-core tree with optimal core placement. We also find that traffic concentration is avoided as long as the load is spread among a set of cores. These results indicate that shared trees with multiple active cores are a viable alternative to shortest-path trees.