IBM Systems Journal
Data hiding watermarking for halftone images
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Data hiding in a hologram by modified digital halftoning techniques
KES'05 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems - Volume Part III
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The objective of this research is to propose a data hiding method for printed images. Three digital halftoning techniques Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion (FSED), multi-scale error diffusion (MSED) and modified multi-scale error diffusion (MMSED) - are implemented in the view of binarization sequence. Microscopic pictures on printed halftone images at different resolutions are presented for visual inspection. A print-and-scanned image with 16 sub-regions of varied dot percentage is used to evaluate the quality of data recovery. The results show that data recovery has better performance at the low dot percentage region and MMSED can provide greater feasibility for data hiding in printed binary images. The proposed method has numerous potential applications in security printing.