Rotation, scale, and translation resilient watermarking for images
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Denoising and copy attacks resilient watermarking by exploiting prior knowledge at detector
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
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We propose a rotation, scaling and translation (RST) resilient blind image watermarking technique by using Fourier-Mellin transform and informed coding, where watermark detection does not require the existence of the original image. Although the Fourier-Mellin invariant domain is recognized to be nearly RST invariant, which supposedly would make it an ideal space for watermark embedding, however the inverse Log-Polar map (ILPM) could severely destroy the embedded watermark. Therefore a very strong watermark has to be employed to survive the self-destruction process from ILPM, but in turn this leads to a poorly watermarked image. To overcome this problem we introduce the concept of informed coding by embedding a slightly weaker watermark into the image so that both transparency and robustness can be achieved. Experimental results demonstrate that the resulting watermark is robust to a variety of image processing attacks.