Analysis of low bit rate image transform coding
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
A new, fast, and efficient image codec based on set partitioning in hierarchical trees
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
H.263+: video coding at low bit rates
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Very low bit-rate video coding using wavelet-based techniques
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Rate control in DCT video coding for low-delay communications
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Scalable rate control for MPEG-4 video
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
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A low bit rate video coding requires strict buffer regulations and low buffer delay. Thus a macroblock level rate control is necessary. However, an MB-level rate control is costly at low bit rates since there is an additional overhead if the quantization parameter is changed frequently within a frame. This paper presents the rate distortion model that selects the number of significant coefficients to code in a macroblock. To do this we derive the model for rate and distortion in terms of the number of encoded coefficients with precomputed quantization accuracy. Rate-Distortion trade-off is solved then by the Lagrange optimization and the formula is obtained that indicate how many coefficients should be coded.