Concurrency control in groupware systems
SIGMOD '89 Proceedings of the 1989 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Groupware: some issues and experiences
Communications of the ACM
Cooperative transactions for multiuser environments
Modern database systems
Real time groupware as a distributed system: concurrency control and its effect on the interface
CSCW '94 Proceedings of the 1994 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
CSCW '96 Proceedings of the 1996 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
A concurrency control framework for collaborative systems
CSCW '96 Proceedings of the 1996 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
LICRA: a replicated-data management algorithm for distributed synchronous groupware applications
Parallel Computing - Special issue: distributed and parallel systems: environments and tools
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Operational transformation in real-time group editors: issues, algorithms, and achievements
CSCW '98 Proceedings of the 1998 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Operation transforms for a distributed shared spreadsheet
CSCW '98 Proceedings of the 1998 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Weak ordering—a new definition
ISCA '90 Proceedings of the 17th annual international symposium on Computer Architecture
A Group-Based Time-Stamping Scheme for the Preservation of Group Intentions
DCW '02 Revised Papers from the 4th International Workshop on Distributed Communities on the Web
A Multi-version Approach to Conflict Resolution in Distributed Groupware Systems
ICDCS '00 Proceedings of the The 20th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems ( ICDCS 2000)
ISADS '01 Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Autonomous Decentralized Systems
Conflict Control Locking in Distributed Cooperative Graphics Editors
WISE '00 Proceedings of the First International Conference on Web Information Systems Engineering (WISE'00)-Volume 1 - Volume 1
Ontology based semantic conflicts resolution in collaborative editing of design documents
Advanced Engineering Informatics
Optimizing consistency by maximizing bandwidth usage in distributed interactive applications
ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications (TOMCCAP)
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Consistency maintenance is an important issue in groupware systems. The existing consistency models are system-oriented and focus on objective and static aspects of consistency without sufficiently taking into account the involvement of human users. It is necessary to investigate how users perceive consistency and how systems can support the users in realising their expectation. This paper addresses consistency from the point of view of multi-user interaction and proposes a new user-centred consistency model. It argues that consistency is an agreement (or inter-subjectivity) among human users in groupware systems. Such a user-centred interpretation leads to the introduction and differentiation of externalised consistency and emergent consistency. The latter captures the fundamental characteristic of collaborative work, where human users' intentions and negotiation play a crucial role. The paper examines the constituent parts of the model in detail.