The temporal query language TQuel
ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS)
Adding time dimension to relational model and extending relational algebra
Information Systems
Principles of database and knowledge-base systems, Vol. I
Principles of database and knowledge-base systems, Vol. I
Extended algebra and calculus for nested relational databases
ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS)
A homogeneous relational model and query languages for temporal databases
ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS)
A generalized model for a relational temporal database
SIGMOD '88 Proceedings of the 1988 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Extending relational algebra to manipulate temporal data
Information Systems
A temporal relational model and a query language
Information Sciences: an International Journal
The relational model for database management: version 2
The relational model for database management: version 2
Algebra and query language for a historical data model
The Computer Journal - Special issue on databases
Schema evolution and the relational algebra
Information Systems
A temporal relational algebra as a basis for temporal relational completeness
Proceedings of the sixteenth international conference on Very large databases
Temporal databases status and research directions
ACM SIGMOD Record - Directions for future database research & development
Evaluation of relational algebras incorporating the time dimension in databases
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
An update of the temporal database bibliography
ACM SIGMOD Record
On completeness of historical relational query languages
ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS)
ACM SIGMOD Record
SIGMOD '85 Proceedings of the 1985 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
On an algebra for historical relational databases: two views
SIGMOD '85 Proceedings of the 1985 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Equivalence of Relational Algebra and Relational Calculus Query Languages Having Aggregate Functions
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
A relational model of data for large shared data banks
Communications of the ACM
A Statistical Interface for Historical Relational Databases
Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Data Engineering
The Historical Relational Data Model (HRDM) and Algebra Based on Lifespans
Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Data Engineering
Toward a Multihomogeneous Model for a Temporal Database
Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Data Engineering
A Uniform Approach to Processing Temporal Queries
VLDB '92 Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases
The Representation of a Temporal Data Model in the Relational Environment
Proceedings of the 4th International Working Conference SSDBM on Statistical and Scientific Database Management
The time relational model
Theory of Relational Databases
Theory of Relational Databases
A Decision Model for Choosing the Optimal Level of Storage in Temporal Databases
IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
On query optimization in a temporal SPC algebra
Data & Knowledge Engineering - Special issue: Temporal representation and reasoning
Data & Knowledge Engineering
Toward a temporal object database workbench
ACST '08 Proceedings of the Fourth IASTED International Conference on Advances in Computer Science and Technology
Advances in fuzzy temporal relational databases: a review
WSEAS Transactions on Information Science and Applications
Recursive natural join operation in bitemporal nested relations
International Journal of Intelligent Information and Database Systems
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Various temporal extensions to the relational model have been proposed. All of these, however, deviate significantly from the original relational model. This paper presents a temporal extension of the relational algebra that is not significantly different from the original relational model, yet is at least as expressive as any of the previous approaches. This algebra employs multidimensional tuple time-stamping to capture the complete temporal behavior of data. The basic relational operations are redefined as consistent extensions of the existing operations in a manner that preserves the basic algebraic equivalences of the snapshot (i.e., conventional static) algebra. A new operation, namely temporal projection, is introduced. The complete update semantics are formally specified and aggregate functions are defined. The algebra is closed, and reduces to the snapshot algebra. It is also shown to be at least as expressive as the calculus-based temporal query language TQuel. In order to assess the algebra, it is evaluated using a set of twenty-six criteria proposed in the literature, and compared to existing temporal relational algebras. The proposed algebra appears to satisfy more criteria than any other existing algebra.