A tradeoff between space and efficiency for routing tables
STOC '88 Proceedings of the twentieth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
A trade-off between space and efficiency for routing tables
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
Efficient message routing in planar networks
SIAM Journal on Computing
Graph minors. XIII: the disjoint paths problem
Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series B
Compact routing with minimum stretch
Journal of Algorithms
MPLS: technology and applications
MPLS: technology and applications
Routing in distributed networks: overview and open problems
ACM SIGACT News
Measuring ISP topologies with rocketfuel
Proceedings of the 2002 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Traveling with a Pez Dispenser (Or, Routing Issues in MPLS)
FOCS '01 Proceedings of the 42nd IEEE symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
Compact Oracles for Reachability and Approximate Distances in Planar Digraphs
FOCS '01 Proceedings of the 42nd IEEE symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
MPLS and traffic engineering in IP networks
IEEE Communications Magazine
Compact oracles for reachability and approximate distances in planar digraphs
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
Label space reduction in MPLS networks: how much can a single stacked label do?
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
STACS'07 Proceedings of the 24th annual conference on Theoretical aspects of computer science
Autonomic interference avoidance with extended shortest path algorithm
ATC'06 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Autonomic and Trusted Computing
GMPLS label space minimization through hypergraph layouts
Theoretical Computer Science
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MPLS (MultiProtocol Label Switching) is a new technology proposed by the IETF [4,10] for network routing, and is being increasingly deployed by the largest Internet service providers. The MPLS technology differs from conventional network protocols in a crucial way: instead of reading the entire packet header at all switching points, the analysis of the packet header is done just once, when the packet header is assigned a stack of labels, and thenceforth, each switching point or router just gets to look at the label at the top of the stack (and the ingress edge), and based only on this information, it has to make a decision about the next-hop node [17,16]. In another departure from conventional routing and in particular from IP source routing, where the entire packet route is explicitly put in the header and popped off along the route, the router can not only pop the top label, it can push other labels on top of the stack.The two parameters of interest in designing MPLS routing protocols are the number of labels used, and the depth of the stack used for routing. Clearly, both cannot be simultaneously minimized, and there is often an interesting trade-off between label size and stack depth: it is obvious that if k labels are used, one must have a stack depth of logk n.In fact, it was not known whether this bound could be achieved even for trees; the best stack depth previously achieved with a constant number of labels was O(log2 n). In this paper, we show that one can indeed get asymptotically optimal upper bounds and route on trees using k labels and a maximum stack depth of O(logk n), and that this trade-off can be achieved using a simpler and more intuitive protocol than the one given in [9]. These tree-routing ideas are then shown to give better routing protocols for planar graphs as well. In particular, we show how to route along near-shortest paths (of length at most (1 + ε) times the shortest-path) with O(log2 n/ε) labels and logarithmic stack depth. We also apply them to graphs with smaller separators, including most large ISP networks.