IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
From [R,G,B] to surface reflectance: computing color constant descriptors in images
IJCAI'87 Proceedings of the 10th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 2
All the Images of an Outdoor Scene
ECCV '02 Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Computer Vision-Part III
Comparing Intensity Transformations and Their Invariants in the Context of Color Pattern Recognition
ECCV '02 Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Computer Vision-Part IV
Objective Colour from Multispectral Imaging
ECCV '00 Proceedings of the 6th European Conference on Computer Vision-Part I
Moment invariants for recognition under changing viewpoint and illumination
Computer Vision and Image Understanding - Special issue on color for image indexing and retrieval
Group Theoretical Structure of Spectral Spaces
Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision
Learning Outdoor Color Classification
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
What Do the Sun and the Sky Tell Us About the Camera?
International Journal of Computer Vision
Camera Spectral Sensitivity and White Balance Estimation from Sky Images
International Journal of Computer Vision
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The spectral properties of outdoor illumination functions can vary significantly due to atmospheric conditions and scene geometry. We show using a statistical analysis of a comprehensive physical model that the variation in outdoor illumination functions over both the visible range (0.33碌m-0.7碌m) and the visible/near-infrared range (0.4碌m-2.5碌m) can be represented accurately by use of seven-dimensional linear models. The physical model includes solar and scattered radiation as well as the effects of atmospheric gases and aerosols. The MODTRAN 3.5 code was employed for computing radiative transfer aspects of the model. We show that the new model has strong agreement over the visible wavelengths with the empirical study of Judd et al. [13]. We also demonstrate the accuracy of the model over the 0.4碌m-2.5碌m spectral range using measured outdoor illumination functions.