Derandomizing Arthur-Merlin Games Using Hitting Sets

  • Authors:
  • Peter Bro Miltersen;N. V. Vinodchandran

  • Affiliations:
  • -;-

  • Venue:
  • FOCS '99 Proceedings of the 40th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
  • Year:
  • 1999

Quantified Score

Hi-index 0.00

Visualization

Abstract

We prove that AM (and hence Graph Nonisomorphism) is in NP if for some \math, some language in \math requires nondeterministic circuits of size \math. This improves recent results of Arvind and Kobler and of Klivans and Van Melkebeek who proved the same conclusion, but under stronger hardness assumptions, namely, either the existence of a language in \math which cannot be approximated by nondeterministic circuits of size less than \math or the existence of a language in \math which requires oracle circuits of size \math with oracle gates for satisfiability.The previous results on derandomizing AM were based on pseudorandom generators. In contrast, our approach is based on a strengthening of Andreev, Clementi and Rolim's hitting set approach to derandomization. As a spin-off, we show that this approach is strong enough to give an easy (if the existence of explicit dispersers can be assumed known) proof of the following implication: For some \math, if there is a language in E which requires nondeterministic circuits of size \math, then P=BPP. This differs from Impagliazzo and Wigderson's theorem "only" by replacing deterministic circuits with nondeterministic ones.