Proceedings of the 2004 Eurographics/ACM SIGGRAPH symposium on Geometry processing
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The dominant approach to free form surface modelling isto use a control mesh to manipulate a B-spline or other tensorproduct surface. This method is powerful but doesn'tprovide a way to control the surface's global properties.Moreover high level constraints such as normals or curvesare difficult to enforce. In this article we propose a newdeformable surface model that provides better control overobtained shapes. The finite element method is applied to C2triangular elements that minimize a surface energy function.The shape can be sculpted interactively with user'sdefined constraints (points, normals and curves) and forces(springs, pressure or gravity for example). We present themathematical foundation as well as several examples showingpossible applications of this tool.