Optical Flow Constraints on Deformable Models with Applications to Face Tracking
International Journal of Computer Vision
Adjusting Shape Parameters Using Model-Based Optical Flow Residuals
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
From facial expression to level of interest: a spatio-temporal approach
CVPR'04 Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
Estimation of the area of mouth opening during speech production
Proceedings of the Eighth Indian Conference on Computer Vision, Graphics and Image Processing
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We suggest an approach to describing and tracking the deformation of facial features. We concentrate on the mouth since its shape is important in detecting emotion. However, we believe that our system could be extended to deal with other facial features. In our system, the mouth is described by a valley contour which is based between the lips. This contour is shown to exist independently of illumination, viewpoint, identity, and expression. We present a real time mouth tracking system that follows this valley. It is shown to be robust to changes in identity, illumination and viewpoint. A simple classification algorithm was found to be sufficient to discriminate between 5 different mouth shapes, with a 100% recognition rate.