Where do intelligent agents come from?
Crossroads
Genetic team composition and level of selection in the evolution of cooperation
IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
Evolution of altruistic robots
WCCI'08 Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE world conference on Computational intelligence: research frontiers
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This paper describes a simulation of evolving communicating agents. This model does not explicitly force agents to communicate by directly rewarding communication, creating a structured communication protocol, or making a distinction between sender and receiver. Instead, the agents are given limited sensory capabilities and the communicative behavior emerges as a form of cooperation among the agents. The auditory signals are utilized by the agents to maximize performance in an unpredictable environment. Three types of signals emerged as useful in the system - a call for foraging, a general purpose recruitment call, and an alarm call.