Optimal Distribution Tree for Internet Streaming Media

  • Authors:
  • Min Sik Kim;Simon S. Lam;Dong-Young Lee

  • Affiliations:
  • -;-;-

  • Venue:
  • ICDCS '03 Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems
  • Year:
  • 2003

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Abstract

Internet radio and television stations require significantbandwidth to support delivery of high quality audio andvideo streams to a large number of receivers. IP multicast isan appropriate delivery model for these applications. However,widespread deployment of IP multicast on the Internetis unlikely in the near future. An alternative is to builda multicast tree in the application layer. Previous studieshave addressed tree construction in the application layer.However, most of them focus on reducing delay. Few systemshave been designed to achieve a high throughput forbandwidth-intensive applications. In this paper, we presenta distributed algorithm to build an application-layer tree.We prove that our algorithm finds a tree such that the averageincoming rate of receivers in the tree is maximized (undercertain network model assumptions). We also describeprotocols that implement the algorithm. For implementationon the Internet, there is a tradeoff between the overheadof available bandwidth measurements and fast convergenceto the optimal tree. This tradeoff can be controlled by tuningsome parameters in our protocols. Our protocols arealso designed to maintain a small number, O(log n), of softstates per node to adapt to network changes and node failures.