The ismorphism conjecture fails relative to a random oracle

  • Authors:
  • S. A. Kurtz;S. R. Mahaney;J. S. Royer

  • Affiliations:
  • University of Chicago;A. T. & T. Bell Laboratories;University of Chicago

  • Venue:
  • STOC '89 Proceedings of the twenty-first annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
  • Year:
  • 1989

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Abstract

Berman and Hartmanis [BH77] conjectured that there is a polynomial-time computable isomorphism between any two languages m-complete (“Karp” complete) for NP. Joseph and Young [JY85] discovered a structurally defined class of NP-complete sets and conjectured that certain of these sets (the Kkƒ's) are not isomorphic to the standard NP-complete sets for some one-way functions ƒ. These two conjectures cannot both be correct.We introduce a new family of strong one-way functions, the scrambling functions. If ƒ is a scrambling function, then Kkfnof; is not isomorphic to the standard NP-complete sets, as Joseph and Young conjectured, and the Berman-Hartmanis conjecture fails. As evidence for the existence of scrambling functions, we show that much more powerful one-way functions--the annihilating functions--exist relative to a random oracle.