Representing traction free boundaries using drilling degrees of freedom

Authors:
A. A. Groenwold;Q. Z. Xiao;N. J. Theron
Affiliations:
Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, University of Pretoria, South Africa;Division of Civil Engineering, Cardiff University, United Kingdom;Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, University of Pretoria, South Africa
Venue:
ICCST '02 Proceedings of the sixth conference on Computational structures technology
Year:
2002

Citing 5
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Abstract

Methodologies for the accurate representation of traction free sides using membrane finite elements with drilling degrees of freedom and an assumed stress interpolation are presented. Firstly, a method based on direct enforcement of the traction free condition through manipulation of the assumed stress field of an element is presented. Secondly, a penalty-equilibrated approach, in which stress equilibrium is enforced in individual elements, is presented. In the penalty-equilibrated approach, weak enforcement of equilibrium is proposed, in which the stress derivatives are modified as to alleviate locking-like behavior.