The design philosophy of the DARPA internet protocols
SIGCOMM '88 Symposium proceedings on Communications architectures and protocols
The PIM architecture for wide-area multicast routing
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
A reliable multicast framework for light-weight sessions and application level framing
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
A model, analysis, and protocol framework for soft state-based communication
Proceedings of the conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
Scalable Timers for Soft State Protocols
INFOCOM '97 Proceedings of the INFOCOM '97. Sixteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies. Driving the Information Revolution
SANDS: Specialized Active Networking for Distributed Simulation
DANCE '02 Proceedings of the 2002 DARPA Active Networks Conference and Exposition
A virtualized link layer with support for indirection
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Future directions in network architecture
An OWL-S based approach to express grid services coordination
Proceedings of the 2005 ACM symposium on Applied computing
Persistent detection and recovery of state inconsistencies
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Session state: beyond soft state
NSDI'04 Proceedings of the 1st conference on Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation - Volume 1
FUSE: lightweight guaranteed distributed failure notification
OSDI'04 Proceedings of the 6th conference on Symposium on Opearting Systems Design & Implementation - Volume 6
A bandwidth management scheme support for real-time applications in wireless mesh networks
Proceedings of the 2008 ACM symposium on Applied computing
SIP paging and tracking of wireless LAN hosts for VoIP
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Minimal backups of cryptographic protocol runs
Proceedings of the 6th ACM workshop on Formal methods in security engineering
Overhead and performance study of the general internet signaling transport (GIST) protocol
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
State considerations in distributed systems
Crossroads
A dynamic signaling mechanism based on symbiotic packet processing
Computer Communications
REBOOK: A Deterministic, Robust and Scalable Resource Booking Algorithm
Journal of Network and Systems Management
Bottom-up fault management in composite web services
CAiSE'11 Proceedings of the 23rd international conference on Advanced information systems engineering
FLOPS'06 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Functional and Logic Programming
Resilient state management in large scale networks
IWQoS'05 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Quality of Service
Modeling route change in soft-state signaling protocols using SDL: a case of RSVP
SDL'05 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Model Driven
Modeling soft state protocols with SDL
NETWORKING'05 Proceedings of the 4th IFIP-TC6 international conference on Networking Technologies, Services, and Protocols; Performance of Computer and Communication Networks; Mobile and Wireless Communication Systems
Dynamic resource control mechanism for multimedia overlay transport in NGN
Multimedia Tools and Applications
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One of the key infrastructure components in all telecommunication networks, ranging from the telephone network, to VC-oriented data networks, to the Internet, is its signaling system. Two broad approaches towards signaling can be identified: so-called hard-state and soft-state approaches. Despite the fundamental importance of signaling, our understanding of these approaches - their pros and cons and the circumstances in which they might best be employed - is mostly anecdotal (and occasionally religious). In this paper, we compare and contrast a variety of signaling approaches ranging from a "pure" soft state, to soft-state approaches augmented with explicit state removal and/or reliable signaling, to a "pure" hard state approach. We develop an analytic model that allows us to quantify state inconsistency in single- and multiple-hop signaling scenarios, and the "cost" (both in terms of signaling overhead, and application-specific costs resulting from state inconsistency) associated with a given signaling approach and its parameters (e.g., state refresh and removal timers). Among the class of soft-state approaches, we find that a soft-state approach coupled with explicit removal substantially improves the degree of state consistency while introducing little additional signaling message overhead. The addition of reliable explicit setup/update/removal allows the soft-state approach to achieve comparable (and sometimes better) consistency than that of the hard-state approach.