A comprehensive review of nature inspired routing algorithms for fixed telecommunication networks
Journal of Systems Architecture: the EUROMICRO Journal - Special issue: Nature-inspired applications and systems
A novel protocol to prevent malicious nodes from misdirecting forward ants in AntNet algorithm
Proceedings of the 2008 ACM symposium on Applied computing
PPSN'06 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature
BeeHiveGuard: a step towards secure nature inspired routing algorithms
EuroGP'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Applications of Evolutionary Computing
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Stigmergic systems solve global problems by using indirect communication mediated by an environment. Because they are localized and dynamic, stigmergic systems are self-organizing, robust and adaptive. These properties are useful for creating survivable systems, but stigmergic systems also raise new security concerns. Indirect communication makes systems more vulnerable in an open and hostile environment, and feedback mechanisms common to stigmergic algorithms can be exploited by attackers. In this paper we use AntNet, an adaptive routing algorithm inspired by biological ant foraging, to explore some of the security issues for stigmergic systems. We identify possible attacks and analyze their potency. We propose and evaluate mechanisms for defending against these attacks.