Reconciling responsiveness with performance in pure object-oriented languages
ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS)
Efficient Object-Oriented Software with Design Patterns
GCSE '99 Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Generative and Component-Based Software Engineering
Compiler optimization of C++ virtual function calls
COOTS'96 Proceedings of the 2nd conference on USENIX Conference on Object-Oriented Technologies (COOTS) - Volume 2
Lean and efficient system software product lines: where aspects beat objects
Transactions on Aspect-Oriented Software Development II
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We have designed and implemented an optimizing source-to-source C++ compiler that reduces the frequency of virtual function calls. This technical report describes our preliminary experience with this system. The prototype implementation demonstrates the value of OO-specific optimization of C++. Despite some limitations of our system, and despite the low frequency of virtual function calls in some of the programs, optimization improves the performance of a suite of two small and six large C++ applications totalling over 90,000 lines of code by a median of 20% over the original programs and reduces the number of virtual function calls by a median factor of 5. For more call-intensive versions of the same programs, performance improved by a median of 40% and the number of virtual calls dropped by a factor of 21. Our measurements indicate that inlining does not necessarily lead to large increases in code size, and that for most programs, the instruction cache miss ratio does not increase significantly.