Indexing handwriting using word matching
Proceedings of the first ACM international conference on Digital libraries
Word spotting: indexing handwritten manuscripts
Intelligent multimedia information retrieval
Scale Space Technique for Word Segmentation in Handwritten Documents
SCALE-SPACE '99 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Scale-Space Theories in Computer Vision
Lexicon-driven word recognition
ICDAR '95 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (Volume 2) - Volume 2
Transcript Mapping for Historic Handwritten Document Images
IWFHR '02 Proceedings of the Eighth International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (IWFHR'02)
Robust document image understanding technologies
Proceedings of the 1st ACM workshop on Hardcopy document processing
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A Segmentation-free Approach for Keyword Search in Historical Typewritten Documents
ICDAR '05 Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
Eigenspace Method for Text Retrieval in Historical Document Images
ICDAR '05 Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
Omnilingual Segmentation-freeWord Spotting for Ancient Manuscripts Indexation
ICDAR '05 Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
Application of information retrieval techniques to single writer documents
Pattern Recognition Letters
Text search for medieval manuscript images
Pattern Recognition
Multi-agent framework in visual sensor networks
EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing
Keyword Spotting Techniques for Sanskrit Documents
Sanskrit Computational Linguistics
Towards an omnilingual word retrieval system for ancient manuscripts
Pattern Recognition
Accessing the content of Greek historical documents
Proceedings of The Third Workshop on Analytics for Noisy Unstructured Text Data
Proceedings of the 2007 EvoWorkshops 2007 on EvoCoMnet, EvoFIN, EvoIASP,EvoINTERACTION, EvoMUSART, EvoSTOC and EvoTransLog: Applications of Evolutionary Computing
Robust image based document comparison using attributed relational graphs
SPPRA '08 Proceedings of the Fifth IASTED International Conference on Signal Processing, Pattern Recognition and Applications
Evaluation of different feature sets in an OCR free method for word spotting in printed documents
Proceedings of the 2010 ACM Symposium on Applied Computing
A survey of keyword spotting techniques for printed document images
Artificial Intelligence Review
A line-based representation for matching words in historical manuscripts
Pattern Recognition Letters
User-assisted alignment of Arabic historical manuscripts
Proceedings of the 2011 Workshop on Historical Document Imaging and Processing
A keyword spotting approach using blurred shape model-based descriptors
Proceedings of the 2011 Workshop on Historical Document Imaging and Processing
A holistic methodology for keyword search in historical typewritten documents
SETN'06 Proceedings of the 4th Helenic conference on Advances in Artificial Intelligence
Retrieval from document image collections
DAS'06 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Document Analysis Systems
Automatic keyword extraction from historical document images
DAS'06 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Document Analysis Systems
Exploring digital libraries with document image retrieval
ECDL'07 Proceedings of the 11th European conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries
Using Lucene to index and search the digitized 1940 US census
Proceedings of the Conference on Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment: Gateway to Discovery
Feature space denoising improves word spotting
Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Historical Document Imaging and Processing
Word spotting application in historical mongolian document images
ICIC'13 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Intelligent Computing Theories
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For the transition from traditional to digital libraries, thelarge number of handwritten manuscripts that exist pose agreat challenge. Easy access to such collections requiresan index, which is currently created manually at great cost.Because automatic handwriting recognizers fail on historicalmanuscripts, the word spotting technique has been developed:the words in a collection are matched as imagesand grouped into clusters which contain all instances of thesame word. By annotating "interesting" clusters, an indexthat links words to the locations where they occur can bebuilt automatically.Due to the noise in historical documents, selecting theright features for matching words is crucial. We analyzeda range of features suitable for matching words using dynamictime warping (DTW), which aligns and comparessets of features extracted from two images. Each feature'sindividual performance was measured on a test set. With anaverage precision of 72%, a combination of features outperformscompeting techniques in speed and precision.