Geometric Structure Analysis of Document Images: A Knowledge-Based Approach
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Design of a mathematical expression recognition system
ICDAR '95 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (Volume 2) - Volume 2
ICDAR '99 Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
EXTRAFOR: Automatic EXTRAction of Mathematical FORmulas
ICDAR '99 Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
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As a universal technical language, mathematics hasbeen widely applied in many fields, and it is more accuratethan any other languages in describing information.Therefore, numerous mathematical formulas exist in allkinds of documents. There is no doubt that automaticmathematical formulas processing is very important andnecessary, of which extract formulas from documentimages is the first step. In this paper, formulas extractionmethods which are not based on recognition results arepresented: isolated formulas are extracted based onParzen window and embedded expressions are extractedbased on 2-D structures detection. Experiments show thatour methods are very effective in formulas extraction.