Color, change, and control for quantitative data display

  • Authors:
  • Penny Rheingans

  • Affiliations:
  • University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC

  • Venue:
  • VIS '92 Proceedings of the 3rd conference on Visualization '92
  • Year:
  • 1992

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Abstract

Color is used widely and reliably to display the value of a single scalar variable. It is more rarely, and far less reliably, used to display multivariate data. Calico, a dynamic tool for the creation and manipulation of color mappings, adds the element of dynamic control over the color mapping to that of color itself for the more effective display and exploration of multivariate spatial data. Using Calico, a one-or two variable color mapping can be created using parametric equations and a variety of color models. This mapping can be manipulated by moving input devices referenced in the parametric expressions, by applying affine transforms, or by performing free-form deformations. As the user changes the mapping, an image showing the data displayed using the current mapping is updated in real time, along with the images describing the mapping. This paper presents an empirical study investigating the effects of user control and smooth change in the display of quantitative data on user accuracy, confidence, and preference. While the user control did not quite produce a significant effect on accuracy, it did produce significant increases in user preference and confidence.