An improved P2P lookup protocol model
Cluster Computing
CR-Chord: Improving lookup availability in the presence of malicious DHT nodes
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
A hierarchical approach to improve performance of unstructured peer-to-peer system
International Journal of Communication Networks and Distributed Systems
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In this paper, we propose a variant of Chord system that is resilient to routing attacks. By routing attacks, we mean the attacks which detour the looking up messages, aiming to disruptthe performance of data look-up systems by increasing the path length of queries. Chord routes messages uni-directionally and has no bi-directional edges. While its performance in theabsence of routing attacks is acceptable, it degrades dramatically under routing attacks. Following this observation, we introduce the concept of reverse edges to the Chord system. We named the new Chord system as RChord. We propose several deterministic and randomized algorithms to construct reverse edges. We design a routing algorithm for the new system, which is simple, efficient and backward compatible with the original system. We thenanalyze the performance of the RChord under routing attacks. We find that its performance is significantly improved in terms of average path length, even by adding very few reverse edges.