Using formal specifications to support testing
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
The axioms strike back: testing with concepts and axioms in C++
GPCE '09 Proceedings of the eighth international conference on Generative programming and component engineering
Testing data types implementations from algebraic specifications
Formal methods and testing
Testing techniques in software engineering
Testing techniques in software engineering
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Algebraic testing is an automated software testingmethod based on algebraic formal specifications. It tests ifa program correctly implements an algebraic specificationby checking if the equations of the specification are satisfied.One of the key techniques of algebraic testing is theuse of observation contexts as a test oracle so that thecomparison of values of structured data can be realised bycomparing values of simple data types. This leads to abehavioural semantics of algebraic specifications anddivides sorts into observable and non-observable. To representthe structure of object-oriented programs and tofacilitate incremental integration testing, this paper extendsthe notion of observable sorts by introducing a partialordering between sorts to represent the importation relationbetween classes. In this framework, the validity of testoracles is formally proved in final algebra semantics.