Automatic Reassembly of Document Fragments via Context Based Statistical Models

  • Authors:
  • Kulesh Shanmugasundaram;Nasir Memon

  • Affiliations:
  • -;-

  • Venue:
  • ACSAC '03 Proceedings of the 19th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference
  • Year:
  • 2003

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Abstract

Reassembly of fragmented objects from a collection ofrandomly mixed fragments is a common problem in classicalforensics. In this paper we address the digital forensicequivalent, i.e., reassembly of document fragments, usingstatistical modelling tools applied in data compression. Wepropose a general process model for automatically analyzinga collection fragments to reconstruct the original documentby placing the fragments in proper order. Probabilitiesare assigned to the likelihood that two given fragments areadjacent in the original using context modelling techniquesin data compression. The problem of finding the optimalordering is shown to be equivalent to finding a maximumweight Hamiltonian path in a complete graph. Heuristicsare designed and explored and implementation results providedwhich demonstrate the validity of the proposed technique.