A Stateful Intrusion Detection System for World-Wide Web Servers

  • Authors:
  • Giovanni Vigna;William Robertson;Vishal Kher;Richard A. Kemmerer

  • Affiliations:
  • -;-;-;-

  • Venue:
  • ACSAC '03 Proceedings of the 19th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference
  • Year:
  • 2003

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Abstract

Web servers are ubiquitous, remotely accessible, and oftenmisconfigured. In addition, custom web-based applicationsmay introduce vulnerabilities that are overlookedeven by the most security-conscious server administrators.Consequently, web servers are a popular target for hackers.To mitigate the security exposure associated with webservers, intrusion detection systems are deployed to analyzeand screen incoming requests. The goal is to perform earlydetection of malicious activity and possibly prevent moreserious damage to the protected site. Even though intrusiondetection is critical for the security of web servers, the intrusiondetection systems available today only perform verysimple analyses and are often vulnerable to simple evasiontechniques. In addition, most systems do not provide sophisticatedattack languages that allow a system administratorto specify custom, complex attack scenarios to be detected.This paper presents WebSTAT, an intrusion detection systemthat analyzes web requests looking for evidence of maliciousbehavior. The system is novel in several ways. First ofall, it provides a sophisticated language to describe multi-stepattacks in terms of states and transitions. In addition,the modular nature of the system supports the integratedanalysis of network traffic sent to the server host, operatingsystem-level audit data produced by the server host, andthe access logs produced by the web server. By correlatingdifferent streams of events, it is possible to achieve more effectivedetection of web-based attacks.