Scale-Space for Discrete Signals
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Gaze-directed volume rendering
I3D '90 Proceedings of the 1990 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Space-variant active vision: definition, overview and examples
Neural Networks - Special issue: automatic target recognition
Cryptography and Network Security: Principles and Practice
Cryptography and Network Security: Principles and Practice
Content-Based Digital Signature for Motion Pictures Authentication and Content-Fragile Watermarking
ICMCS '99 Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems - Volume 2
Enhancing videoconferencing using spatially varying sensing
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans
Wavelet filter evaluation for image compression
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Statistics- and spatiality-based feature distance measure for error resilient image authentication
Transactions on data hiding and multimedia security II
A secure fragile watermarking scheme based on chaos-and-hamming code
Journal of Systems and Software
Error resilient image authentication using feature statistical and spatial properties
IWDW'06 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Digital Watermarking
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Image authentication is becoming very important for certifying data integrity. A key issue in image authentication is the design of a compact signature that contains sufficient information to detect illegal tampering yet is robust under allowable manipulations. In this paper, we recognize that most permissible operations on images are global distortions like low-pass filtering and JPEG compression, whereas illegal data manipulations tend to be localized distortions. To exploit this observation, we propose an image authentication scheme where the signature is the result of an extremely low-bit-rate content-based compression. The content-based compression is guided by a space-variant weighting function whose values are higher in the more important and sensitive region. This spatially dependent weighting function determines a weighted norm that is particularly sensitive to the localized distortions induced by illegal tampering. It also gives a better compactness compared to the usual compression schemes that treat every spatial region as being equally important. In our implementation, the weighting function is a multifovea weighted function that resembles the biological foveated vision system. The foveae are salient points determined in the scale-space representation of the image. The desirable properties of multifovea weighted function in the wavelet domains fit nicely into our scheme. We have implemented our technique and tested its robustness and sensitivity for several manipulations.