High level knowledge sources in usable speech recognition systems
Communications of the ACM
Modeling error recovery and repair in automatic speech recognition
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies
Natural language understanding (2nd ed.)
Natural language understanding (2nd ed.)
Spoken natural language dialog systems: a practical approach
Spoken natural language dialog systems: a practical approach
An architecture for voice dialog systems based on prolog-style theorem proving
Computational Linguistics
The repair of speech act misunderstandings by abductive inference
Computational Linguistics
The effects of interaction on spoken discourse
ACL '89 Proceedings of the 27th annual meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
Modeling negotiation subdialogues
ACL '92 Proceedings of the 30th annual meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
A compact architecture for dialogue management based on scripts and meta-outputs
ANLC '00 Proceedings of the sixth conference on Applied natural language processing
A compact architecture for dialogue management based on scripts and meta-outputs
ANLC '00 Proceedings of the sixth conference on Applied natural language processing
Confirmation in multimodal systems
COLING '98 Proceedings of the 17th international conference on Computational linguistics - Volume 2
A compact architecture for dialogue management based on scripts and meta-outputs
ANLP/NAACL-ConvSyst '00 Proceedings of the 2000 ANLP/NAACL Workshop on Conversational systems - Volume 3
A compact architecture for dialogue management based on scripts and meta-outputs
ConversationalSys '00 Proceedings of the ANLP-NAACL 2000 Workshop on Conversational Systems
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As with human-human interaction, spoken human-computer dialog will contain situations where there is miscommunication. In experimental trials consisting of eight different users, 141 problem-solving dialogs, and 2840 user utterances, the Circuit Fix-It Shop natural language dialog system misinterpreted 18.5% of user utterances. These miscommunications created various problems for the dialog interaction, ranging from repetitive dialog to experimenter intervention to occasional failure of the dialog. One natural strategy for reducing the impact of miscommunication is selective verification of the user's utterances. This paper reports on both context-independent and context-dependent strategies for utterance verification that show that the use of dialog context is crucial for intelligent selection of which utterances to verify.