Transition network grammars for natural language analysis
Communications of the ACM
Cooperative responses from a portable natural language data base query system.
Cooperative responses from a portable natural language data base query system.
Meta-rules as a basis for processing ill-formed input
Computational Linguistics - Special issue on ill-formed input
Understanding pragmatically ill-formed input
ACL '84 Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computational Linguistics and 22nd annual meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
A rule-based approach to ill-formed input
COLING '80 Proceedings of the 8th conference on Computational linguistics
Meta-rules as a basis for processing ill-formed input
Computational Linguistics - Special issue on ill-formed input
Understanding pragmatically ill-formed input
ACL '84 Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computational Linguistics and 22nd annual meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
Living up to expectations: computing expert responses
HLT '86 Proceedings of the workshop on Strategic computing natural language
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Problem localization is the identification of the most significant failures in the AND-OR tree resulting from an unsuccessful attempt to achieve a goal, for instance, in planning, backward-chaining inference, or top-down parsing. We examine heuristics and strategies for problem localization in the context of using a planner to check for pragmatic failures in natural language input to computer systems, such as a cooperative natural language interface to Unix™ Our heuristics call for selecting the most hopeful branch at ORs, but the most problematic one at ANDs. Surprise scores and special-purpose rules are the main strategies suggested to determine this.