Equations in finite semigroups: explicit enumeration and asymptotics of solution numbers

  • Authors:

  • C. Krattenthaler;T. W. Müller

  • Affiliations:

  • Institut Girard Desargues, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-I, 21, Avenue Claude Bernard, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France;School of Mathematical Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK

  • Venue:
  • Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A
  • Year:
  • 2004

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Abstract

We study the number of solutions of the general semigroup equation in one variable, Xα = Xβ, as well as of the system of equations X2 = X, Y2 = Y, XY = YX in H ≀ Tn, the wreath product of an arbitrary finite group H with the full transformation semigroup Tn on n letters. For these solution numbers, we provide explicit exact formulae, as well as asymptotic estimates. Our results concerning the first mentioned problem generalize earlier results by Harris and Schoenfeld (J. Combin. Theory Ser. A 3 (1967) 122) on the number of idempotents in Tn, and a result of Dress and the second author (Adv. in Math. 129 (1997) 188). Among the asymptotic tools employed are Hayman's method for the estimation of coefficients of analytic functions and the Poisson summation formula.