The Document Spectrum for Page Layout Analysis
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
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Many Japanese documents contain both horizontally and vertically written text lines, and furthermore, those text lines often have local skew. In this paper, we propose a framework for detecting the local orientation of text lines and selecting text line candidates of correct orientation. The orientation detection is independent of text block extraction and has advantage of being applicable to complicated documents. The framework is intended to reduce the text line candidates of incorrect orientation and to improve the performance of document image analysis systems.