Image Analysis and Mathematical Morphology
Image Analysis and Mathematical Morphology
A Rule Based Approach for Visual Pattern Inspection
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Inspection of Printed Circuit Boards by Connectivity Preserving Shrinking
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Proceedings of the 14th International conference on Industrial and engineering applications of artificial intelligence and expert systems: engineering of intelligent systems
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To keep pace with the trend towards increased circuit integration, printed circuit patterns are becoming denser and more complex. A variety of automated visual inspection methods to detect circuit defects during manufacturing have been proposed. This paper describes a method which is a synthesis of the reference-comparison and the generic-property approaches that exploits their respective strengths and overcomes their respective weaknesses. It is based on the observation that the local geometric and global topological correctness of a printed circuit can be inferred from the correctness of simplified, skeletal versions of the circuit in a test image. These operations can be realized using simple processing elements which are well suited for implementation in hardware.