Probabilistic reasoning in intelligent systems: networks of plausible inference
Probabilistic reasoning in intelligent systems: networks of plausible inference
Cooling schedules for optimal annealing
Mathematics of Operations Research
Efficiency of logistic-normal stochastic supervision
Pattern Recognition
Learning from a mixture of labeled and unlabeled examples with parametric side information
COLT '95 Proceedings of the eighth annual conference on Computational learning theory
Machine Learning - Special issue on learning with probabilistic representations
Combining labeled and unlabeled data with co-training
COLT' 98 Proceedings of the eleventh annual conference on Computational learning theory
Causality: models, reasoning, and inference
Causality: models, reasoning, and inference
Semi-supervised support vector machines
Proceedings of the 1998 conference on Advances in neural information processing systems II
Probabilistic modeling for face orientation discrimination: learning from labeled and unlabeled data
Proceedings of the 1998 conference on Advances in neural information processing systems II
Text Classification from Labeled and Unlabeled Documents using EM
Machine Learning - Special issue on information retrieval
Automatic Analysis of Facial Expressions: The State of the Art
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Detecting Faces in Images: A Survey
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Learning Bayesian networks from data: an information-theory based approach
Artificial Intelligence
On Bias, Variance, 0/1—Loss, and the Curse-of-Dimensionality
Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
Combining Labeled and Unlabeled Data for MultiClass Text Categorization
ICML '02 Proceedings of the Nineteenth International Conference on Machine Learning
Model Selection Criteria for Learning Belief Nets: An Empirical Comparison
ICML '00 Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Conference on Machine Learning
Enhancing Supervised Learning with Unlabeled Data
ICML '00 Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Conference on Machine Learning
IJCAI '99 Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence
Unlabeled Data Can Degrade Classification Performance of Generative Classifiers
Proceedings of the Fifteenth International Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society Conference
Eighteenth national conference on Artificial intelligence
Connected Vibrations: A Modal Analysis Approach for Non-Rigid Motion Tracking
CVPR '98 Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Comprehensive Database for Facial Expression Analysis
FG '00 Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition 2000
The relative value of labeled and unlabeled samples in pattern recognition
The relative value of labeled and unlabeled samples in pattern recognition
Joint processing of audio-visual information for the recognition of emotional expressions in human-computer interaction
Semisupervised learning of classifiers with application to human-computer interaction
Semisupervised learning of classifiers with application to human-computer interaction
Comparing Bayesian network classifiers
UAI'99 Proceedings of the Fifteenth conference on Uncertainty in artificial intelligence
Continuation methods for mixing heterogeneous sources
UAI'02 Proceedings of the Eighteenth conference on Uncertainty in artificial intelligence
The Bayesian structural EM algorithm
UAI'98 Proceedings of the Fourteenth conference on Uncertainty in artificial intelligence
Enhancing relevance feedback in image retrieval using unlabeled data
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
Semi-supervised time series classification
Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining
Automatic video annotation by semi-supervised learning with kernel density estimation
MULTIMEDIA '06 Proceedings of the 14th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia
Expression recognition using fuzzy spatio-temporal modeling
Pattern Recognition
Authentic facial expression analysis
Image and Vision Computing
Static topographic modeling for facial expression recognition and analysis
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Multimodal human-computer interaction: A survey
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Regularized regression on image manifold for retrieval
Proceedings of the international workshop on Workshop on multimedia information retrieval
Facial Action Unit Recognition by Exploiting Their Dynamic and Semantic Relationships
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications (TOMCCAP)
Semi-supervised learning with data calibration for long-term time series forecasting
Proceedings of the 14th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining
Integrated Computer-Aided Engineering
Semi-supervised kernel density estimation for video annotation
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Combining Features for Recognizing Emotional Facial Expressions in Static Images
Verbal and Nonverbal Features of Human-Human and Human-Machine Interaction
Supporting Ubiquitous Collaboration with Real-Time Facial Animation
Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design IV
Privacy-Preserving Distributed Learning Based on Genetic Algorithms and Artificial Neural Networks
IWANN '09 Proceedings of the 10th International Work-Conference on Artificial Neural Networks: Part II: Distributed Computing, Artificial Intelligence, Bioinformatics, Soft Computing, and Ambient Assisted Living
A general procedure for learning mixtures of independent component analyzers
Pattern Recognition
Exploiting facial expressions for affective video summarisation
Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Image and Video Retrieval
Beyond distance measurement: constructing neighborhood similarity for video annotation
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia - Special section on communities and media computing
Using weak supervision in learning Gaussian mixture models
IJCNN'09 Proceedings of the 2009 international joint conference on Neural Networks
Multimodal interfaces: Challenges and perspectives
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
MCS'07 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Multiple classifier systems
Incremental template updating for face recognition in home environments
Pattern Recognition
Joint learning of labels and distance metric
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics - Special issue on game theory
Semi-supervised Bayesian ARTMAP
Applied Intelligence
ECML PKDD'10 Proceedings of the 2010 European conference on Machine learning and knowledge discovery in databases: Part II
Multimedia Tools and Applications
Bayesian multiscale smoothing in supervised and semi-supervised kernel discriminant analysis
Computational Statistics & Data Analysis
Exploiting the entire feature space with sparsity for automatic image annotation
MM '11 Proceedings of the 19th ACM international conference on Multimedia
Gabor feature based face recognition using supervised locality preserving projection
ACIVS'06 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Advanced Concepts For Intelligent Vision Systems
A boosting SVM chain learning for visual information retrieval
ISNN'06 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Advances in Neural Networks - Volume Part I
Semi-supervised dynamic counter propagation network
ADMA'06 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Advanced Data Mining and Applications
A new approach for semi-supervised online news classification
HSI'05 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Human Society@Internet: web and Communication Technologies and Internet-Related Social Issues
Multimodal human computer interaction: a survey
ICCV'05 Proceedings of the 2005 international conference on Computer Vision in Human-Computer Interaction
Semi-supervised multiple classifier systems: background and research directions
MCS'05 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Multiple Classifier Systems
Facial expression recognition based on the belief theory: comparison with different classifiers
ICIAP'05 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Image Analysis and Processing
SETRED: self-training with editing
PAKDD'05 Proceedings of the 9th Pacific-Asia conference on Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining
DCPE co-training for classification
Neurocomputing
Semi-supervised linear discriminant analysis using moment constraints
PSL'11 Proceedings of the First IAPR TC3 conference on Partially Supervised Learning
A probabilistic approach for semi-supervised nearest neighbor classification
Pattern Recognition Letters
Artificial immune system for illicit content identification in social media
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
Multimodal interfaces: Challenges and perspectives
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Constrained log-likelihood-based semi-supervised linear discriminant analysis
SSPR'12/SPR'12 Proceedings of the 2012 Joint IAPR international conference on Structural, Syntactic, and Statistical Pattern Recognition
Semi-supervised object recognition based on Connected Image Transformations
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Thinking of images as what they are: compound matrix regression for image classification
IJCAI'13 Proceedings of the Twenty-Third international joint conference on Artificial Intelligence
Editorial: Partially supervised learning for pattern recognition
Pattern Recognition Letters
Unlabeling data can improve classification accuracy
Pattern Recognition Letters
Semi-supervised linear discriminant analysis through moment-constraint parameter estimation
Pattern Recognition Letters
The Visual Computer: International Journal of Computer Graphics
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Automatic classification is one of the basic tasks required in any pattern recognition and human computer interaction application. In this paper, we discuss training probabilistic classifiers with labeled and unlabeled data. We provide a new analysis that shows under what conditions unlabeled data can be used in learning to improve classification performance. We also show that, if the conditions are violated, using unlabeled data can be detrimental to classification performance. We discuss the implications of this analysis to a specific type of probabilistic classifiers, Bayesian networks, and propose a new structure learning algorithm that can utilize unlabeled data to improve classification. Finally, we show how the resulting algorithms are successfully employed in two applications related to human-computer interaction and pattern recognition: facial expression recognition and face detection.