Stability theorems for cancellative hypergraphs

  • Authors:
  • Peter Keevash;Dhruv Mubayi

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Mathematics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ;Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, 851 S. Morgan Street, Chicago, IL

  • Venue:
  • Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series B
  • Year:
  • 2004

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Abstract

A cancellative hypergraph has no three edges A, B, C with AΔB ⊂ C. We give a new short proof of an old result of Bollobás, which states that the maximum size of a cancellative triple system is achieved by the balanced complete tripartite 3-graph. One of the two forbidden subhypergraphs in a cancellative 3-graph is F5 = {abc, abd, cde}. For n ≥ 33 we show that the maximum number of triples on n vertices containing no copy of F5 is also achieved by the balanced complete tripartite 3-graph. This strengthens a theorem of Frankl and Füredi, who proved it for n ≥ 3000. For both extremal results, we show that a 3-graph with almost as many edges as the extremal example is approximately tripartite. These stability theorems are analogous to the Simonovits stability theorem for graphs.