A transmission control scheme for media access in sensor networks
Proceedings of the 7th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Energy-Efficient Communication Protocol for Wireless Microsensor Networks
HICSS '00 Proceedings of the 33rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences-Volume 8 - Volume 8
Link-level measurements from an 802.11b mesh network
Proceedings of the 2004 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
The capacity of wireless networks
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Lower bounds on data collection time in sensory networks
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Clustering and load balancing in hybrid sensor networks with mobile cluster heads
QShine '06 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Quality of service in heterogeneous wired/wireless networks
Adaptive Triangular Deployment Algorithm for Unattended Mobile Sensor Networks
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Constructing battery-aware virtual backbones in wireless sensor networks
EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking
SenCar: An Energy-Efficient Data Gathering Mechanism for Large-Scale Multihop Sensor Networks
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
International Journal of Sensor Networks
Optimizing push/pull envelopes for energy-efficient cloud-sensor systems
Proceedings of the 14th ACM international conference on Modeling, analysis and simulation of wireless and mobile systems
SenCar: an energy efficient data gathering mechanism for large scale multihop sensor networks
DCOSS'06 Proceedings of the Second IEEE international conference on Distributed Computing in Sensor Systems
| Hi-index | 0.00 |
In this paper we study two-layered heterogeneous sensor networks where two types of nodes are deployed in the network: basic sensor nodes and cluster head nodes. Basic sensor nodes are simple and inexpensive, while cluster head nodes are much powerful and much richer in energy. A cluster head node organizes the basic sensor nodes around it into a cluster. A basic sensor node does data collections and sends the data packets when polled by the cluster head. By introducing hierarchy, such a two-layered heterogeneous sensor network has better scalability than homogeneous sensor networks. It also has a smaller overall cost since networking functionalities are shifted from sensors to the cluster head. It also has a longer life time, as sensors send packets only when polled by the cluster head and less energy is consumed in collisions and idle listening. This type of network will be ideally suited for applications such as environmental monitoring. In this paper, we focus on finding energy efficient and collision-free polling schedules in the multi-hop cluster. To reduce energy consumption in idle listening, a schedule is optimal if it uses minimum time. We show that the problem of finding an optimal schedule is NPhard, and then give a fast on-line algorithm. We also consider dividing a cluster into sectors to further reduce the idle listening time of sensors. We conducted simulations on the NS-2 simulator, and the results show that our polling scheme can reduce the active time of sensors by a significant amount while sustaining 100% throughput.