A Low-Power Wide-Linear-Range Transconductance Amplifier
Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing
Single-pair bulk-driven CMOS input stage: A compact low-voltage analog cell for scaled technologies
Integration, the VLSI Journal
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The Gm-C technique is extensively used for continuous-time filtering applications because it results in tunable, wideband and compact designs. In this paper, an OTA architecture using a novel bulk-input differential pair without the use of a tail current source is proposed. Good CMRR is still achieved by using the gate terminal to control the total current in the differential pair, via the use of a dummy pair. The OTA also exhibits a wide differential input range and good Gm-tunability. For this design, two standard double-poly double-metal CMOS processes were investigated: a 0.8 驴m process having a nominal threshold voltage of around 0.7 V and a 0.35 驴m process having a nominal threshold voltage of 0.5 V. Simulation results are presented for both designs while test results are presented, for the OTA, implemented using the 0.8 驴 m process, used in a second order cochlea low-pass filter.