Complexity and structure
The polynomial-time hierarchy and sparse oracles
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
Relativizing complexity classes with sparse oracles
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
Complexity classes without machines: on complete languages for UP
Theoretical Computer Science - Thirteenth International Colloquim on Automata, Languages and Programming, Renne
On hiding information form an oracle
Journal of Computer and System Sciences
Relativizing relativized computations
Theoretical Computer Science
Journal of Computer and System Sciences - 3rd Annual Conference on Structure in Complexity Theory, June 14–17, 1988
Theoretical Computer Science
Complexity classes defined by counting quantifiers
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
Strong and robustly strong polynomial-time reducibilities to sparse sets
Theoretical Computer Science
PP is as hard as the polynomial-time hierarchy
SIAM Journal on Computing
Counting classes are at least as hard as the polynomial-time hierarchy
SIAM Journal on Computing
Theoretical Computer Science
Algebraic methods for interactive proof systems
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
Reductions to sets of low information content
Complexity theory
A taxonomy of complexity classes of functions
Journal of Computer and System Sciences
Locating P/poly optimally in the extended low hierarchy
Theoretical Computer Science
If NP has polynomial-size circuits, then MA=AM
Theoretical Computer Science
Improving known solutions is hard
Computational Complexity
More on BPP and the polynomial-time hierarchy
Information Processing Letters
Computing Solutions Uniquely Collapses the Polynomial Hierarchy
SIAM Journal on Computing
Oracles and queries that are sufficient for exact learning
Journal of Computer and System Sciences
New Collapse Consequences of NP Having Small Circuits
SIAM Journal on Computing
Symmetric alternation captures BPP
Computational Complexity
Bounded queries, approximations, and the Boolean hierarchy
Information and Computation
The complexity theory companion
The complexity theory companion
On Complete Problems for NP$\cap$CoNP
Proceedings of the 12th Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming
Competing Provers Yield Improved Karp-Lipton Collapse Results
STACS '03 Proceedings of the 20th Annual Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science
Recent Directions in Algorithmic Research
Proceedings of the 5th GI-Conference on Theoretical Computer Science
Some connections between nonuniform and uniform complexity classes
STOC '80 Proceedings of the twelfth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
On the structure of low sets [complexity classes]
SCT '95 Proceedings of the 10th Annual Structure in Complexity Theory Conference (SCT'95)
FOCS '01 Proceedings of the 42nd IEEE symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
On some central problems in computational complexity.
On some central problems in computational complexity.
Open questions in the theory of semifeasible computation
ACM SIGACT News
Infeasibility of instance compression and succinct PCPs for NP
STOC '08 Proceedings of the fortieth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
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Via competing provers, we show that if a language A is self-reducible and has polynomial-size circuits then S2A = S2. Building on this, we strengthen the Kämper-AFK theorem, namely, we prove that if NP ⊆ (NP ∩ coNP)/poly then the polynomial hierarchy collapses to S2NP∩coNP. We also strengthen Yap's theorem, namely, we prove that if NP ⊆ coNP/poly then the polynomial hierarchy collapses to S2NP. Under the same assumptions, the best previously known collapses were to ZPPNP and ZPPNPNP, respectively ([SIAM Journal on Computing 28 (1) (1998) 311; Journal of Computer and System Sciences 52 (3) (1996) 421], building on [Proceedings of the 12th ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, ACM Press, New York, 1980, pp. 302-309; Journal of Computer and System Sciences 39 (1989) 21; Theoretical Computer Science 85 (2) (1991) 305; Theoretical Computer Science 26 (3) (1983) 287]). It is known that S2 ⊆ ZPPNP [Proceedings of the 42nd IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, IEEE Computer Society Press, Silver Spring, MD, 2001, pp. 620-629]. That result and its relativized version show that our new collapses indeed improve the previously known results. The Kämper-AFK theorem and Yap's theorem are used in the literature as bridges in a variety of results--ranging from the study of unique solutions to issues of approximation--and so our results implicitly strengthen those results.