Prime numbers and computer methods for factorization
Prime numbers and computer methods for factorization
Algorithmic number theory
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The theory of numbers is primarily concerned with the properties of the natural numbers 1, 2, 3,.... The fundamental theorem of arithmetic states that each natural number greater than 1 can be expressed uniquely (up to order) as a product of prime numbers. A prime number is a natural number greater than 1 having no divisor other than 1 and itself. A natural number which is not prime is called composite. Much of the research in number theory, both theoretical and computational, has dealt with properties of the primes. This article will report some major advances in computational number theory made during the past ten years. It will be subdivided into these areas: