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A practical intra-cellular biomolecular computer should work inside living cells without damaging them. The retrovirus-based biomolecular computer has been designed, by mimicking the natural processes of living cells, to enable the creation of a practical intra-cellular computer. Here, I review the idea of retrovirus-based computing, and examine its feasibility. This idea might lead to the development of new technologies not only for biological research, but also for medical purposes. In future, through the development of the in vivo retrovirus-based computer, gene diagnosis and gene therapy is expected to cooperatively work inside living cells, enabling intelligent gene therapy technology that uses biomolecular computing.