A theoretical framework for soft-information-based synchronization in iterative (Turbo) receivers

Authors:
Nele Noels;Vincenzo Lottici;Antoine Dejonghe;Heidi Steendam;Marc Moeneclaey;Marco Luise;Luc Vandendorpe
Affiliations:
Department of Telecommunications and Information Processing, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium;Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy;Communications and Remote Sensing Laboratory, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium;Department of Telecommunications and Information Processing, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium;Department of Telecommunications and Information Processing, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium;Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy;Communications and Remote Sensing Laboratory, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
Venue:
EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking - Special issue on advanced signal processing algorithms for wireless communications
Year:
2005

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Abstract

This contribution considers turbo synchronization, that is to say, the use of soft data information to estimate parameters like carrier phase, frequency, or timing offsets of a modulated signal within an iterative data demodulator. In turbo synchronization, the receiver exploits the soft decisions computed at each turbo decoding iteration to provide a reliable estimate of some signal parameters. The aim of our paper is to show that such "turbo-estimation" approach can be regarded as a special case of the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm. This leads to a general theoretical framework for turbo synchronization that allows to derive parameter estimation procedures for carrier phase and frequency offset, as well as for timing offset and signal amplitude. The proposed mathematical framework is illustrated by simulation results reported for the particular case of carrier phase and frequency offsets estimation of a turbo-coded 16-QAM signal.