Pad++: a zooming graphical interface for exploring alternate interface physics
UIST '94 Proceedings of the 7th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Digestor: device-independent access to the World Wide Web
Selected papers from the sixth international conference on World Wide Web
Power browser: efficient Web browsing for PDAs
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
WebSplitter: a unified XML framework for multi-device collaborative Web browsing
CSCW '00 Proceedings of the 2000 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
EIHA?!?: deploying Web and WAP services using XML technology
ACM SIGMOD Record
Adapting the web interface: an adaptive web browser
AUIC '01 Proceedings of the 2nd Australasian conference on User interface
RSVP Browser: Web Browsing on Small Screen Devices
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
Detecting web page structure for adaptive viewing on small form factor devices
WWW '03 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on World Wide Web
An environment for developing adaptive, multi-device user interfaces
AUIC '03 Proceedings of the Fourth Australasian user interface conference on User interfaces 2003 - Volume 18
Structure-Aware Web Transcoding for Mobile Devices
IEEE Internet Computing
An adaptive viewing application for the web on personal digital assistants
Proceedings of the 21st annual international conference on Documentation
Splitting rules for graceful degradation of user interfaces
Proceedings of the working conference on Advanced visual interfaces
PrintMonkey: giving users a grip on printing the web
Proceedings of the eighth ACM symposium on Document engineering
Activity-based scenarios for and approaches to ubiquitous e-Learning
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
Personalised mobile learning content delivery: a learner centric approach
International Journal of Mobile Learning and Organisation
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This paper illustrates a new approach to automatic re-authoring of web pages for rendering on small-screen devices. The approach is based on automatic detection of the device type and screen size from the HTTP request header to render a desktop web page or a transformed one for display on small screen devices, for example, PDAs. Known algorithms (transforms) are employed to reduce the size of page elements, to hide parts of the text, and to transform tables into text while preserving the structural format of the web page. The system comprises a preprocessor that works offline and a just-in-time handler that responds to HTTP requests. The preprocessor employs Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) to set default attributes for the page and prepares it for the handler. The latter is responsible for downsizing graphical elements in the page, converting tables to text, and inserting visibility attributes and JavaScript code to allow the user of the client device to interact with the page and cause parts of the text to disappear or reappear. A system was developed that implements the approach and was used it to collect performance results and conduct usability testing. The importance of the approach lies in its ability to display hidden parts of the web page without having to revisit the server, thus reducing user wait times considerably, saving battery power, and cutting down on wireless network traffic.