GroupLens: an open architecture for collaborative filtering of netnews
CSCW '94 Proceedings of the 1994 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
An algorithmic framework for performing collaborative filtering
Proceedings of the 22nd annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Item-based collaborative filtering recommendation algorithms
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on World Wide Web
Getting to know you: learning new user preferences in recommender systems
Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Methods and metrics for cold-start recommendations
SIGIR '02 Proceedings of the 25th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Is seeing believing?: how recommender system interfaces affect users' opinions
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Evaluating collaborative filtering recommender systems
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
Shilling recommender systems for fun and profit
Proceedings of the 13th international conference on World Wide Web
A collaborative filtering algorithm and evaluation metric that accurately model the user experience
Proceedings of the 27th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Collaborative recommendation: A robustness analysis
ACM Transactions on Internet Technology (TOIT)
Discovering Frequent Episodes and Learning Hidden Markov Models: A Formal Connection
IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
Scouts, promoters, and connectors: The roles of ratings in nearest-neighbor collaborative filtering
ACM Transactions on the Web (TWEB)
Locally linear reconstruction for instance-based learning
Pattern Recognition
Query Recommendations for Interactive Database Exploration
SSDBM 2009 Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management
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Recommender systems aggregate individual user ratings into predictions of products or services that might interest visitors. The quality of this aggregation process crucially affects the user experience and hence the effectiveness of recommenders in e-commerce. We present a novel study that disaggregates global recommender performance metrics into contributions made by each individual rating, allowing us to characterize the many roles played by ratings in nearest neighbor collaborative filtering. In particular, we formulate three roles--scouts, promoters, and connectors--that capture how users receive recommendations, how items get recommended, and how ratings of these two types are themselves connected (resp.). These roles find direct uses in improving recommendations for users, in better targeting of items and, most importantly, in helping monitor the health of the system as a whole. For instance, they can be used to track the evolution of neighborhoods, to identify rating subspaces that do not contribute (or contribute negatively) to system performance, to enumerate users who are in danger of leaving, and to assess the susceptibility of the system to attacks such as shilling. We argue that the three rating roles presented here provide broad primitives to manage a recommender system and its community.