Highly dynamic Destination-Sequenced Distance-Vector routing (DSDV) for mobile computers
SIGCOMM '94 Proceedings of the conference on Communications architectures, protocols and applications
Directed diffusion: a scalable and robust communication paradigm for sensor networks
MobiCom '00 Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Highly-resilient, energy-efficient multipath routing in wireless sensor networks
MobiHoc '01 Proceedings of the 2nd ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking & computing
Real-World Experiences with an Interactive Ad Hoc Sensor Network
ICPPW '02 Proceedings of the 2002 International Conference on Parallel Processing Workshops
A high-throughput path metric for multi-hop wireless routing
Proceedings of the 9th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Understanding packet delivery performance in dense wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Taming the underlying challenges of reliable multihop routing in sensor networks
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Impact of radio irregularity on wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services
Agent-Based, Energy Efficient Routing in Sensor Networks
AAMAS '04 Proceedings of the Third International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems - Volume 1
Energy-efficient forwarding strategies for geographic routing in lossy wireless sensor networks
SenSys '04 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Statistical model of lossy links in wireless sensor networks
IPSN '05 Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Information processing in sensor networks
IEEE Communications Magazine
A comparison of lifetime-efficient forwarding strategies for wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 3rd ACM international workshop on Performance evaluation of wireless ad hoc, sensor and ubiquitous networks
Energy-efficient forwarding in wireless sensor networks
Pervasive and Mobile Computing
An energy-efficient link quality monitoring scheme for wireless networks
Wireless Communications & Mobile Computing
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Energy-efficient forwarding becomes important if resources and battery lifetime are limited such as in Wireless Sensor Networks. Although widely used, simple hop-based forwarding along a path from one node towards a sink can be very inefficient in terms of delivery rate as well as energy efficiency, especially in lossy environments. We will show that just minimizing the expected number of transmissions within the network is not always the most efficient forwarding strategy. Using a realistic link loss model, we derive two new forwarding schemes named Single-Link and Multi-Link Energy-Efficient Forwarding that trade off delivery rate and energy costs best by maximizing energy efficiency. Multi- Link Forwarding further benefits from addressing multiple receivers during packet forwarding, instead of a single one. By mathematical analyses, extensive simulations, and experimental evaluations we contrast the performance of our approaches against a comprehensive framework of other forwarding strategies.