A cryptographic file system for UNIX
CCS '93 Proceedings of the 1st ACM conference on Computer and communications security
Extensible file systems in spring
SOSP '93 Proceedings of the fourteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Interposition agents: transparently interposing user code at the system interface
SOSP '93 Proceedings of the fourteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
File-system development with stackable layers
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS) - Special issue on operating systems principles
Performance of cache coherence in stackable filing
SOSP '95 Proceedings of the fifteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Exokernel: an operating system architecture for application-level resource management
SOSP '95 Proceedings of the fifteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Windows NT file system internals: a developer's guide
Windows NT file system internals: a developer's guide
Information and control in gray-box systems
SOSP '01 Proceedings of the eighteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Wide-area cooperative storage with CFS
SOSP '01 Proceedings of the eighteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Inside Microsoft Windows 2000
Zero-interaction authentication
Proceedings of the 8th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Programming the Microsoft Windows Driver Model, Second Edition
Programming the Microsoft Windows Driver Model, Second Edition
Exploiting Gray-Box Knowledge of Buffer-Cache Management
ATEC '02 Proceedings of the General Track of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
Fast Indexing: Support for Size-Changing Algorithms in Stackable File Systems
Proceedings of the General Track: 2002 USENIX Annual Technical Conference
A Toolkit for User-Level File Systems
Proceedings of the General Track: 2002 USENIX Annual Technical Conference
Fist: a system for stackable file-system code generation
Fist: a system for stackable file-system code generation
A holistic approach to service survivability
Proceedings of the 2003 ACM workshop on Survivable and self-regenerative systems: in association with 10th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security
FS: An In-Kernel Integrity Checker and Intrusion Detection File System
LISA '04 Proceedings of the 18th USENIX conference on System administration
Semantically-Smart Disk Systems
FAST '03 Proceedings of the 2nd USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies
A Versatile and User-Oriented Versioning File System
FAST '04 Proceedings of the 3rd USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies
Tracefs: A File System to Trace Them All
FAST '04 Proceedings of the 3rd USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies
Versatility and Unix semantics in namespace unification
ACM Transactions on Storage (TOS)
Increasing distributed storage survivability with a stackable RAID-like file system
CCGRID '05 Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Symposium on Cluster Computing and the Grid - Volume 01
Interposed request routing for scalable network storage
OSDI'00 Proceedings of the 4th conference on Symposium on Operating System Design & Implementation - Volume 4
Avfs: an on-access anti-virus file system
SSYM'04 Proceedings of the 13th conference on USENIX Security Symposium - Volume 13
TCON'95 Proceedings of the USENIX 1995 Technical Conference Proceedings
FiST: a language for stackable file systems
ATEC '00 Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
SLIC: an extensibility system for commodity operating systems
ATEC '98 Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
ALS '01 Proceedings of the 5th annual Linux Showcase & Conference - Volume 5
Extending file systems using stackable templates
ATEC '99 Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
Intrusion detection using sequences of system calls
Journal of Computer Security
Secure deletion myths, issues, and solutions
Proceedings of the second ACM workshop on Storage security and survivability
An approach to virtual allocation in storage systems
ACM Transactions on Storage (TOS)
Rapid file system development using ptrace
Proceedings of the 2007 workshop on Experimental computer science
Rapid file system development using ptrace
ecs'07 Experimental computer science on Experimental computer science
Proceedings of the 2007 ACM workshop on Storage security and survivability
GreenFS: making enterprise computers greener by protecting them better
Proceedings of the 3rd ACM SIGOPS/EuroSys European Conference on Computer Systems 2008
Prism: providing flexible and fast filesystem cloning service for virtual servers
Proceedings of the 9th ACM/IFIP/USENIX International Conference on Middleware
Umbrella file system: Storage management across heterogeneous devices
ACM Transactions on Storage (TOS)
NMACA: a novel methodology for message authentication code algorithms
TELE-INFO'09 Proceedings of the 8th Wseas international conference on Telecommunications and informatics
Handling Persistent States in Process Checkpoint/Restart Mechanisms for HPC Systems
CCGRID '09 Proceedings of the 2009 9th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster Computing and the Grid
Using filesystem virtualization to avoid metadata bottlenecks
Proceedings of the Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe
DRMFS: A file system layer for transparent access semantics of DRM-protected contents
Journal of Systems and Software
POSTER: Dr. Watson provides data for post-breach analysis
Proceedings of the 2013 ACM SIGSAC conference on Computer & communications security
Better Cloud Storage Usability through Name Space Virtualization
UCC '13 Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE/ACM 6th International Conference on Utility and Cloud Computing
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Developing file systems from scratch is difficult and error prone. Using layered, or stackable, file systems is a powerful technique to incrementally extend the functionality of existing file systems on commodity OSes at runtime. In this article, we analyze the evolution of layering from historical models to what is found in four different present day commodity OSes: Solaris, FreeBSD, Linux, and Microsoft Windows. We classify layered file systems into five types based on their functionality and identify the requirements that each class imposes on the OS. We then present five major design issues that we encountered during our experience of developing over twenty layered file systems on four OSes. We discuss how we have addressed each of these issues on current OSes, and present insights into useful OS and VFS features that would provide future developers more versatile solutions for incremental file system development.