Robust subgraphs for trees and paths

  • Authors:
  • Refael Hassin;Danny Segev

  • Affiliations:
  • Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel;Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel

  • Venue:
  • ACM Transactions on Algorithms (TALG)
  • Year:
  • 2006

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Abstract

Consider a graph problem which is associated with a parameter, for example, that of finding a longest tour spanning k vertices. The following question is natural: Is there a small subgraph that contains an optimal or near optimal solution for every possible value of the given parameter? Such a subgraph is said to be robust. In this article we consider the problems of finding heavy paths and heavy trees of k edges. In these two cases, we prove surprising bounds on the size of a robust subgraph for a variety of approximation ratios. For both problems, we show that in every complete weighted graph on n vertices there exists a subgraph with approximately α/1−α2n edges that contains an α-approximate solution for every k = 1,…, n − 1. In the analysis of the tree problem, we also describe a new result regarding balanced decomposition of trees. In addition, we consider variants in which the subgraph itself is restricted to be a path or a tree. For these problems, we describe polynomial time algorithms and corresponding proofs of negative results.