Authentication schemes for multimedia streams: Quantitative analysis and comparison
ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications (TOMCCAP)
Loss tolerant video streaming authentication in heterogeneous wireless networks
Computer Communications
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In this paper, we present a secure and robust content authentication scheme for scalable video streaming. In our authentication scheme we consider three common video transcoding methods as acceptable content manipulations, when the streaming bit-rate needs to be reduced, namely frame resizing, frame dropping and multi-cycle coding. By employing error correction coding (ECC) in different ways, the proposed scheme is insensitive to those incidental distortions introduced during the transcoding (i.e., robust) while is still sensitive to other intentional distortions such as frame alterations and insertion (i.e., secure). One key feature in our scheme is that it achieves an end-to-end authentication independent of transcoding infrastructure and obtains a good compromise between system robustness and security.