The psychology of proof: deductive reasoning in human thinking
The psychology of proof: deductive reasoning in human thinking
Reasoning, Models, and Images: Behavioral Measures and Cortical Activity
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Cross-cultural similarities in topological reasoning
COSIT'07 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Spatial information theory
Preferred mental models: how and why they are so important in human reasoning with spatial relations
SC'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Spatial Cognition V: reasoning, action, interaction
The brain network for deductive reasoning: A quantitative meta-analysis of 28 neuroimaging studies
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
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Deductive reasoning is fundamental to science, human culture, and the solution of problems in daily life. It starts with premises and yields a logically necessary conclusion that is not explicit in the premises. Here we investigated the neurocognitive processes underlying logical thinking with event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging. We specifically focused on three temporally separable phases: (1) the premise processing phase, (2) the premise integration phase, and (3) the validation phase in which reasoners decide whether a conclusion logically follows from the premises. We found distinct patterns of cortical activity during these phases, with initial temporo-occipital activation shifting to the prefrontal cortex and then to the parietal cortex during the reasoning process. Activity in these latter regions was specific to reasoning, as it was significantly decreased during matched working memory problems with identical premises and equal working memory load.