Neural Correlates of Lexical Access during Visual Word Recognition
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Neural Specialization for Letter Recognition
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
fMRI Evidence for Dual Routes to the Mental Lexicon in Visual Word Recognition
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Task-Dependent Modulation of Regions in the Left Inferior Frontal Cortex during Semantic Processing
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
The Effects of Case Mixing on Word Recognition: Evidence from a PET Study
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
A Parametric Approach to Orthographic Processing in the Brain: An fMRI Study
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
The Neural Circuitry Involved in the Reading of German Words and Pseudowords: A PET Study
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Conceptual Processing during the Conscious Resting State: A Functional MRI Study
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Distinct Brain Systems for Processing Concrete and Abstract Concepts
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Syntactic and Semantic Modulation of Neural Activity during Auditory Sentence Comprehension
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Brain Activation for Lexical Decision and Reading Aloud: Two Sides of the Same Coin?
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Taxi vs. Taksi: On Orthographic Word Recognition in the Left Ventral Occipitotemporal Cortex
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
The main sources of intersubject variability in neuronal activation for reading aloud
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
FAC'11 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Foundations of augmented cognition: directing the future of adaptive systems
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In order to separate the cognitive processes associated with phonological encoding and the use of a visual word form lexicon in reading, it is desirable to compare the processing of words presented in a visually familiar form with words in a visually unfamiliar form. Japanese Kana orthography offers this possibility. Two phonologically equivalent but visually dissimilar syllabaries allow the writing of, for example, foreign loanwords in two ways, only one of which is visually familiar. Familiarly written words, unfamiliarly written words, and pseudowords were presented in both Kana syllabaries (yielding six conditions in total) to participants during an fMRI measurement with a silent articulation task (Experiment 1) and a phonological lexical decision task (Experiment 2) using an event-related design. Consistent over two experimental tasks, the three different stimulus types (familiar, unfamiliar, and pseudoword) were found to activate selectively different brain regions previously associated with phonological encoding and word retrieval or meaning. Compatible with the predictions of the dual-route model for reading, pseudowords and visually unfamiliar words, which have to be read using phonological assembly, caused an increase in brain activity in left inferior frontal regions (BA 44/47), as compared to visually familiar words. Visually familiar and unfamiliar words were found to activate a range of areas associated with lexico-semantic processing more strongly than pseudowords, such as the left and right temporo-parietal region (BA 39/40), a region in the left middle/inferior temporal gyrus (BA 20/21), and the posterior cingulate (BA 31).