Time-machine computing: a time-centric approach for the information environment
Proceedings of the 12th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
An Architecture for Retaining and Analyzing Visual Explorations of Databases
VIS '95 Proceedings of the 6th conference on Visualization '95
Collecting and Harnessing Rich Session Histories
IV '06 Proceedings of the conference on Information Visualization
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To be most useful, evaluation metrics should be based on detailed observation and effective analysis of a full spectrum of system use. Because observation is costly, ideally we want a system to provide in-depth data collection with allied analyses of the key user interface elements. We have developed a visualization and analysis platform [1] that automatically records user actions and states at a high semantic level [2 and 3], and can be directly restored to any state. Audio and text annotations are collected and indexed to states, allowing users to comment on their current situation as they work, and/or as they review the session. These capabilities can be applied to usability evaluation of the system, describing problems they encountered, or to suggest improvements to the environment. Additionally, computed metrics are provided at each state [3, 4, and 5]. We believe that the metrics and the associated history data will allow us to deduce patterns of data exploration, to compare users, to evaluate tools, and to understand in a more automated approach the usability of the visualization system as a whole.